ChengJade01Part1.java

import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * This class implements a Java application that:
 * <ul>
 * <li>declares a Scanner variable.</li>
 * <li>declares an array of 26 String values, and initializes each array
 * element with the corresponding lower case letter of the alphabet.</li>
 * <li>prompts the user to enter an integer and uses the Scanner's nextInt
 * method to obtain that integer from the user.</li>
 * <li>prints out the corresponding letter from the array.</li>
 * <li>creates a new array of size 27, puts a string containing a space (" ")
 * at index 0 in the new array, and copies all the other letters to positions
 * 1..26 of the new array using System.arraycopy().</li>
 * <li>loops through the array, printing each entry, either as is, or upper
 * case if it is a vowel ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u").</li>
 * <li>prints the number of non-vowel strings at the end of the loop.</li>
 * <li>the program catches the InputMismatchException from the call to nextInt,
 * in which case the program must display an appropriate error message and end
 * the program.</li>
 * <li>the loop works for any size initial array, and not depend on the array
 * size.</li>
 * </ul>
 * 
 * @author     Cheng Yu
 * @assignment TA 1 part 1
 * @date       Aug 29, 2008
 * @bugs       None
 */
public class ChengJade01Part1 {
  /**
   * The entry point of the application.
   * 
   * @param args The command line arguments (not used).
   */
  public static void main(final String[] args) {

    // Declare a Scanner variable.
    final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    // Declare an array of of 26 String values, and initializes each array
    // element with the corresponding lower case letter of the alphabet.
    final String[] array = new String[] { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g",
        "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u",
        "v", "w", "x", "y", "z" };

    // Prompt the user to enter an integer and use the Scanner's nextInt
    // method to obtain that integer from the user.
    int input = 0;
    System.out.print("Please type an integer (0 to 25): ");

    // Catch the InputMismatchException from the call to nextInt,
    // in which case display an appropriate error message and
    // end the program.
    try {
      input = scanner.nextInt();
      System.out.println(array[input]);

    } catch (final InputMismatchException e) {
      System.err.println("Input mismatch error.");
      return;
    } catch (final ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
      System.err.println("too large.");
    }

    // Check to see if the input index is too large.
    if (input >= array.length)
      System.err.println("The index is too large.");

    // Print out the corresponding letter from the array.
   // else
  //    System.out.println(array[input]);

    // Create a new array of size 27, put a string containing a space (" ") at
    // index 0 in the new array, and copy all the other letters to positions
    // 1..26 of the new array using System.arraycopy().
    final String[] newArray = new String[27];
    newArray[0] = " ";
    System.arraycopy(array, 0, newArray, 1, 26);

    // Loop through the array, print each entry, either as is, or upper
    // case if it is a vowel ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u").
    int consonants = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < newArray.length; i++) {

      if ("aeiou".indexOf(newArray[i]) >= 0) {
        System.out.print(newArray[i].toUpperCase());
        continue;
      }
      
      // NOTE: This is an alternative way to check for a vowel:
      //
      // if (newArray[i].equals("a") ||
      //     newArray[i].equals("e") ||
      //     newArray[i].equals("i") ||
      //     newArray[i].equals("o") ||
      //     newArray[i].equals("u")) {
      //   System.out.print(newArray[i].toUpperCase());
      //   continue;
      // }

      System.out.print(newArray[i]);
      consonants++;
    }
    
    // Print the number of non-vowel strings at the end of the loop.
    System.out.println("\nNumber of consonants: " + consonants);
    
    // Exit cleanly while debugging from Eclipse.
    System.exit(0);
  }
}